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Oxford Law Citator
Contents
Expand All
Collapse All
Preliminary Material
Dedication
Preface to Second Edition
Contents
Table of Cases
Table of Instruments
Forms
UK Statutes
International Instruments
European Legislation
List of Abbreviations
Main Text
Part I The Bermuda Market and Form
1 Introduction to the Bermuda Market
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
2 Introduction to the Bermuda Form
Preliminary Material
Introduction
2.01
2.02
Uncertain limits of liability
2.03
Exposure to pre-Bermuda Policy injuries, damages, and events
2.04
Uncertainty as to which law controls
2.05
2.06
2.07
Occurrence First Reported Trigger and Continuous Policy
2.08
2.09
2.10
2.11
2.12
Bifurcated Occurrence Definition/Time Element Pollution Exclusion
2.13
2.14
High Per Occurrence Retention/Broader Principles of Loss Aggregation
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
No Duty to Defend the Insured or Pay Sums on its Behalf
2.19
Expectation and Experience of Rate or Level of Injury or Property Damage
2.20
2.21
Designation of Law and Principles Governing Interpretation/Arbitration
2.22
2.23
Arbitration
2.24
Binders
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
Part II The Bermuda Form in Detail
3 Conflict of Law Issues: Substantive Issues vs Procedural Issues
Preliminary Material
Introduction
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
Express Choices of Law in the Bermuda Form
3.07
3.08
3.09
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
Severability Principle
3.15
3.16
3.17
3.18
3.19
3.20
Potential Applicable Laws
3.21
3.22
3.23
Proper Law of the Contract
3.24
3.25
3.26
3.27
3.28
3.29
3.30
3.31
3.32
Proper Law of the Underlying Claim
3.33
3.34
3.35
3.36
3.37
3.38
Proper Law of the Conflict of Law Rules Applied to the Policy
3.39
3.40
3.41
3.42
3.43
3.44
3.45
3.46
3.47
3.48
3.49
3.50
3.51
3.52
3.53
3.54
3.55
3.56
3.57
3.58
3.59
3.60
3.61
Proper Law of the Arbitration Agreement
3.62
3.63
3.64
3.65
3.66
3.67
3.68
3.69
3.70
3.71
3.72
3.73
3.74
3.75
3.76
3.77
3.78
3.79
3.80
3.81
3.82
3.83
3.84
3.85
3.86
3.87
3.88
3.89
3.90
3.91
3.92
3.93
3.94
The Procedural Law
3.95
3.96
3.97
3.98
3.99
3.100
3.101
3.102
3.103
3.104
The Curial Law
3.105
3.106
3.107
3.108
Substance vs Procedure
3.109
3.110
3.111
3.112
4 Law of Construction and Interpretation Clause
Preliminary Material
Introduction
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
Structure of Article VI.O
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
4.17
4.18
4.19
Express choice of law
4.20
4.21
4.22
The modification to New York law
4.23
4.24
4.25
4.26
The proviso: evenhanded construction
4.27
4.28
4.29
4.30
4.31
4.32
4.33
4.34
4.35
4.36
English law by default
4.37
4.38
Summary of Article VI.O
4.39
Prohibited Principles
4.40
4.41
4.42
Ambiguity
4.43
4.44
4.45
4.46
4.47
4.48
Contra proferentem
4.49
4.50
Reasonable expectations
4.51
4.52
4.53
Parol or other extrinsic evidence
4.54
4.55
Proper Approach
4.56
4.57
‘Evenhanded’ Construction and Recidivists
4.58
Need for ambiguity?
4.59
4.60
Establishing ambiguity
4.61
Abuse of factual matrix: extrinsic evidence by the back door
4.62
4.63
4.64
4.65
Validity of the principle of evenhanded construction
4.66
4.67
4.68
5 The Coverage Clause
Preliminary Material
Introduction
5.01
5.02
5.03
5.04
5.05
5.06
5.07
5.08
5.09
Persons and Entities Insured
5.10
5.11
5.12
5.13
5.14
5.15
5.16
5.17
The Subject-Matter of the Coverage: Legal Liability
5.18
5.19
5.20
5.21
5.22
5.23
5.24
5.25
5.26
5.27
5.28
5.29
5.30
Liability must be for Damages ‘on account of … ’ Personal Injury, Property Damage [or] Advertising Liability
5.31
Temporal Requirement of Losses Within the Coverage Grant
5.32
5.33
534
5.35
5.36
5.37
5.38
5.39
5.40
5.41
5.42
5.43
5.44
5.45
5.46
5.47
5.48
5.49
5.50
5.51
5.52
5.53
5.54
5.55
5.56
5.57
5.58
Notice as a Pre-Condition to Coverage
5.59
5.60
5.61
5.62
Timing of any indemnity
5.63
5.64
Insurance of legal liability
5.65
5.66
5.67
5.68
5.69
5.70
5.71
5.72
5.73
5.74
5.75
5.76
5.77
5.78
5.79
5.80
5.81
5.82
5.83
5.84
5.85
5.86
Settlements
New York law
5.87
5.88
5.89
5.90
5.91
5.92
5.93
5.94
5.95
English law
5.96
5.97
5.98
5.99
5.100
5.101
5.102
5.103
5.104
5.105
Defence costs in the absence of a judgment or settlement
5.106
5.107
5.108
5.109
5.110
5.111
5.112
5.113
5.114
5.115
5.116
5.117
6 The Occurrence First Reported Trigger
Preliminary Material
Introduction—Other Forms
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
The Occurrence First Reported Form
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
6.16
6.17
Notice of Integrated Occurrence
6.18
6.19
7 Occurrence Definition
Preliminary Material
Introduction
7.01
7.02
7.03
7.04
7.05
The Bermuda Form Occurrence Definition
Two types of occurrence
7.06
7.07
7.08
7.09
7.10
7.11
7.12
7.13
Aggregation
7.14
7.15
7.16
Post-expiration losses
7.17
7.18
7.19
7.20
7.21
7.22
7.23
7.24
7.25
7.26
7.27
7.28
7.29
7.30
7.31
Expected or intended
7.32
Integrated occurrences
7.33
7.34
7.35
7.36
7.37
7.38
7.39
7.40
7.41
7.42
7.43
7.44
7.45
Expectation and Intent as Defined in the Policy
7.46
7.47
7.48
7.49
7.50
7.51
7.52
7.53
7.54
7.55
7.56
7.57
7.58
7.59
7.60
7.61
7.62
7.63
Accident, Fortuity, Expectation and Intention
7.64
7.65
7.66
Expected or Intended under New York Law
7.67
‘Expected’ and ‘intended’: two meanings (one for each word) or one for the inclusive phrase?
7.68
7.69
7.70
7.71
Objective vs subjective
7.72
Burden of proof
7.73
7.74
Expected or Intended in the Bermuda Form
7.75
7.76
7.77
7.78
7.79
7.80
7.81
7.82
7.83
7.84
7.85
7.86
7.87
7.88
7.89
8 Integration and Aggregation
Preliminary Material
Introduction
8.01
8.02
The Controlling Wording
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
8.10
8.11
8.12
8.13
Aggregation as Interpreted Under New York Law
8.14
8.15
8.16
8.17
8.18
8.19
8.20
8.21
8.22
8.23
8.24
8.25
Significance of the Policyholder’s Notice
8.26
8.27
8.28
8.29
8.30
8.31
8.32
8.33
8.34
8.35
Integrated Occurrences Arising From the Insured’s Products and Advertising Liability
8.36
8.37
8.38
Breadth of Aggregation
8.39
8.40
9 Requirement of Notice of Claim
Preliminary Material
Introduction
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
Notice and Claims Made Policies
9.06
9.07
9.08
9.09
9.10
9.11
9.12
9.13
Timely Notice
9.14
9.15
9.16
9.17
9.18
Timely notice as a condition precedent
9.19
9.20
9.21
9.22
9.23
9.24
9.25
9.26
9.27
9.28
9.29
9.30
9.31
9.32
9.33
9.34
9.35
Prejudice
9.36
9.37
9.38
9.39
9.40
9.41
9.42
9.43
9.44
9.45
9.46
9.47
9.48
Notice of what?
9.49
9.50
9.51
9.52
9.53
9.54
9.55
9.56
9.57
9.58
9.59
9.60
‘Likely to involve this Policy’
9.61
9.62
9.63
9.64
9.65
9.66
9.67
Proof and disclosure
9.68
9.69
9.70
9.71
9.72
Pleading
9.73
9.74
9.75
Permissive Notice
9.76
9.77
Protective notification of an occurrence
9.78
9.79
9.80
9.81
9.82
Protective notification of an integrated occurrence
9.83
9.84
9.85
9.86
9.87
9.88
9.89
Manner of Any Notice
9.90
9.91
9.92
9.93
10 Attachment Point, Underlying Coverage, Limits of Liability
Preliminary Material
Introduction
10.01
Attachment Point
10.02
10.03
10.04
10.05
10.06
10.07
10.08
10.09
10.10
10.11
Limit of Liability
10.12
10.13
10.14
10.15
Coordination of Occurrences and Integrated Occurrences
10.16
10.17
10.18
10.19
10.20
10.21
10.22
Joint Ventures and Similarly Organized Entities
10.23
10.24
10.25
10.26
10.27
10.28
10.29
10.30
11 Exclusions From Coverage
Preliminary Material
Introduction
11.01
11.02
Interpretation of the Exclusions
11.03
11.04
New York Principles of Construction
11.05
11.06
11.07
11.08
11.09
New York Law on Burden of Proof
11.10
11.11
11.12
11.13
11.14
11.15
11.16
11.17
11.18
11.19
11.20
11.21
11.22
11.23
11.24
11.25
11.26
11.27
11.28
11.29
11.30
11.31
11.32
11.33
11.34
11.35
11.36
11.37
11.38
11.39
11.40
11.41
The Exclusions
Article IV.A: Prior to inception or retroactive coverage date
11.42
11.43
11.44
11.45
11.46
11.47
Article IV.B: Workers’ compensation, etc.
11.48
Article IV.C: Professional services
11.49
11.50
Article IV.D: Owned property; care, custody and control, etc.
11.51
11.52
11.53
Article IV.E: Efficacy, loss of use, etc.
11.54
11.55
11.56
11.57
11.58
11.59
11.60
11.61
11.62
11.63
11.64
Article IV.F: Advertising
11.65
11.66
Article IV.G: War
11.67
11.68
Article IV.H: Toxic substances
11.69
11.70
11.71
Article IV.I: Aircraft
11.72
11.73
Article IV.J: Watercraft
11.74
11.75
Article IV.K: Pollution
11.76
11.77
11.78
11.79
11.80
11.81
11.82
11.83
Article IV.L: Nuclear
11.84
11.85
Article IV.M: Radioactive contamination (outside the United States)
11.86
Article IV.N: ERISA
11.87
Article IV.O: Repetitive stress
11.88
Article IV.P: Securities, antitrust, etc.
11.89
11.90
11.91
11.92
11.93
12 Conditions Under the Bermuda Form
Preliminary Material
Introduction
12.01
12.02
12.03
Article VI.A: Premium
12.04
12.05
Article VI.B: Inspection
12.06
12.07
Article VI.C: Cross-Liability
12.08
12.09
Article VI.D: Assistance and Cooperation
12.10
12.11
12.12
12.13
12.14
12.15
12.16
12.17
Article VI.E: Appeal
12.18
12.19
12.20
12.21
12.22
Article VI.F: Loss Payable
12.23
12.24
12.25
12.26
12.27
12.28
12.29
12.30
12.31
12.32
12.33
12.34
12.35
12.36
12.37
12.38
12.39
12.40
12.41
12.42
12.43
12.44
12.45
12.46
12.47
12.48
12.49
12.50
12.51
12.52
12.53
12.54
Article VI.G: Representation
12.55
12.56
Article VI.H: Other Insurance
12.57
12.58
12.59
12.60
Article VI.I: Subrogation
12.61
12.62
12.63
12.64
12.65
12.66
12.67
Article VI.J: Changes
12.68
12.69
Article VI.K: Assignment
12.70
12.71
12.72
12.73
12.74
12.75
Article VI.L: Cancellation
12.76
12.77
12.78
12.79
12.80
Article VI.M: Currency
12.81
12.82
12.83
12.84
12.85
Article VI.N: Arbitration and Article VI.O: Law of Construction and Interpretation
12.86
Article VI.P: Liability of the Company
12.87
12.88
Article VI.Q: Policy Extension
12.89
12.90
Article VI.R: Reinstatement
12.91
12.92
12.93
12.94
12.95
12.96
12.97
12.98
12.99
Article VI.S: Discovery Period
12.100
12.101
12.102
12.103
12.104
12.105
12.106
12.107
Article VI.T: Former Subsidiaries, Affiliates and Associated Companies
12.108
12.109
12.110
Article VI.U: Notice
12.111
12.112
Article VI.V: Headings
12.113
13 Misrepresentation and Nondisclosure
Preliminary Material
Introduction
13.01
13.02
13.03
New York Law
Misrepresentation distinguished from nondisclosure
13.04
Nondisclosure
13.05
Requirements of a misrepresentation defence
13.06
13.07
13.08
13.09
13.10
13.11
13.12
13.13
13.14
Burden of proof
13.15
The consequences where material misrepresentation is proven
13.16
13.17
13.18
13.19
13.20
13.21
English Law
Introduction
13.22
13.23
The acid test: fair presentation
13.24
13.25
13.26
13.27
Express and implied representations
13.28
13.29
13.30
13.31
13.32
13.33
13.34
Attribution of knowledge
13.35
13.36
13.37
13.38
Previous knowledge of the insurer
13.39
13.40
Inducement
13.41
13.42
Materiality
13.43
Affirmation/waiver
13.44
13.45
13.46
13.47
13.48
Waiver of disclosure
13.49
Available remedy
13.50
Insurance Act 2015
13.51
13.52
13.53
13.54
13.55
13.56
13.57
13.58
13.59
13.60
13.61
13.62
13.63
13.64
14 Waiver/Estoppel
Preliminary Material
Introduction
14.01
Applicable Law
14.02
14.03
14.04
14.05
14.06
Waiver
Common law vs statute
14.07
14.08
14.09
14.10
General principles
14.11
14.12
14.13
14.14
14.15
Waiver and scope of coverage
14.16
14.17
14.18
14.19
14.20
14.21
Reservation of rights and declinations of cover
14.22
14.23
14.24
14.25
14.26
14.27
14.28
14.29
14.30
14.31
14.32
Estoppel
14.33
14.34
14.35
14.36
15 Use of the Bermuda Form for Reinsurance
Preliminary Material
Introduction
15.01
15.02
Captive Insurers
15.03
15.04
15.05
15.06
15.07
15.08
Methods of Reinsurance
15.09
15.10
15.11
15.12
15.13
Reinsurance Wording
Basic terminology
15.14
15.15
15.16
15.17
15.18
15.19
Underlying policy language
15.20
15.21
15.22
15.23
Notice and aggregation
15.24
15.25
15.26
Claims cooperation
15.27
15.28
15.29
15.30
15.31
Obligations of the Captive Insurer
15.32
15.33
15.34
15.35
15.36
Arbitration and Captives
15.37
15.38
15.39
15.40
Agency
15.41
Direct course of dealing: Allstate and World Omni
15.42
15.43
15.44
15.45
15.46
15.47
15.48
15.49
15.50
15.51
Part III Dispute Resolution Under the Bermuda Form
16 The Arbitration Agreement
Preliminary Material
Introduction
16.01
16.02
16.03
16.04
16.05
16.06
16.07
16.08
16.09
16.10
16.11
16.12
16.13
Separability
16.14
16.15
16.16
16.17
Kompetenz/Kompetenz
16.18
16.19
16.20
16.21
The Law Governing the Arbitration Agreement
16.22
16.23
16.24
16.25
16.26
16.27
16.28
Private Agreement of the Parties
16.29
16.30
16.31
16.32
16.33
Support for the Private Agreement
16.34
Enforcement of Arbitration Agreements
16.35
16.36
16.37
16.38
16.39
16.40
16.41
16.42
16.43
16.44
16.45
16.46
16.47
16.48
16.49
16.50
16.51
16.52
16.53
16.54
16.55
16.56
16.57
16.58
International Recognition by Treaty and Convention
16.59
Confidentiality in English Arbitration
16.60
Origins of obligation of confidentiality
16.61
16.62
16.63
Obligation of Confidentiality as an Implied Term
16.64
16.65
16.66
16.67
The nature of the obligation of confidentiality
16.68
16.69
16.70
Scope of obligation—exceptions and uncertainties
16.71
16.72
16.73
Aegis and express confidentiality provisions
16.74
16.75
16.76
16.77
Exceptions to the obligation—general principles
16.78
16.79
Application of general principles
16.80
16.81
16.82
16.83
16.84
16.85
16.86
16.87
16.88
Private confidentiality agreements
16.89
16.90
16.91
16.92
16.93
16.94
17 Team Assembly
Preliminary Material
Introduction
17.01
17.02
17.03
Team Assembly—The Issues
17.04
The early stages: management of the claim
17.05
17.06
17.07
17.08
17.09
17.10
Moving to an arbitration phase: management of proceedings and advocacy
17.11
17.12
17.13
17.14
17.15
17.16
17.17
17.18
17.19
17.20
17.21
17.22
17.23
17.24
17.25
17.26
Making the Decisions
17.27
What issues, factual and legal, are likely to arise, and who will be the arbitrators?
17.28
17.29
17.30
17.31
What evidence needs to be before the tribunal?
17.32
17.33
17.34
17.35
17.36
Getting the Team Right
17.37
17.38
Points on Hearing Preparation—New York Law Presentation
17.39
17.40
17.41
The International Element and Applications to Court
17.42
17.43
17.44
17.45
18 Commencement of the Arbitration
Preliminary Material
Introduction
18.01
18.02
18.03
Preliminary Matters
18.04
18.05
18.06
18.07
The Formal Commencement of an Arbitration—Legal and Practical Issues
18.08
18.09
18.10
Selection of the Arbitrators
18.11
18.12
18.13
18.14
18.15
18.16
18.17
18.18
18.19
Challenges to the Selection of Arbitrators
18.20
18.21
18.22
18.23
18.24
18.25
18.26
18.27
18.28
18.29
18.30
Replacement of Arbitrators
18.31
18.32
Issues of Jurisdiction of an Arbitral Tribunal
18.33
18.34
18.35
18.36
18.37
18.38
18.39
18.40
18.41
18.42
18.43
Court Applications
18.44
18.45
18.46
18.47
18.48
18.49
18.50
18.51
18.52
18.53
18.54
18.55
18.56
18.57
18.58
18.59
19 Pre-Hearing Activities
Preliminary Material
Introduction
19.01
The Authority of the Arbitrators
19.02
19.03
19.04
19.05
19.06
19.07
19.08
19.09
Powers under the Arbitration Act 1996
19.10
19.11
19.12
19.13
19.14
Practical Early Steps
Control of the timetable
19.15
19.16
19.17
Recording the terms of reference
19.18
The UNCITRAL Notes on Organizing Arbitral Proceedings
19.19
19.20
19.21
19.22
Recording the ruling—procedural orders
19.23
Security for Costs
19.24
19.25
19.26
19.27
19.28
19.29
Pleadings
19.30
19.31
19.32
19.33
19.34
Further information
19.35
19.36
19.37
19.38
Amendments
19.39
19.40
19.41
19.42
19.43
19.44
19.45
19.46
19.47
19.48
19.49
19.50
19.51
19.52
19.53
19.54
19.55
Directions—General Matters
19.56
19.57
19.58
19.59
Document Disclosure—Form and Scope
19.60
19.61
19.62
19.63
19.64
19.65
19.66
19.67
19.68
19.69
19.70
Documents and Evidence from Third Parties
19.71
19.72
19.73
19.74
19.75
19.76
Privilege
19.77
19.78
19.79
Many laws, one answer
19.80
Implied term
19.81
19.82
19.83
19.84
19.85
Practical problems
19.86
19.87
19.88
19.89
Applicable law
19.90
19.91
19.92
19.93
19.94
19.95
19.96
19.97
19.98
19.99
19.100
19.101
19.102
19.103
19.104
19.105
19.106
19.107
19.108
19.109
19.110
19.111
19.112
19.113
Foreign Law and Discretion
19.114
19.115
19.116
19.117
19.118
19.119
Challenges to awards regarding claims to privilege
19.120
19.121
19.122
Summary of English Law of Privilege
19.123
19.124
19.125
Legal advice privilege
19.126
19.127
19.128
19.129
19.130
19.131
19.132
Litigation privilege
19.133
19.134
19.135
19.136
19.137
19.138
19.139
Waiver and Loss of Privilege
19.140
19.141
19.142
Inadvertent disclosure
19.143
19.144
19.145
19.146
Collateral waiver
19.147
19.148
19.149
19.150
19.151
19.152
19.153
19.154
19.155
Privilege and admissibility
19.156
19.157
19.158
19.159
19.160
19.161
19.162
19.163
19.164
19.165
Common Interest Privilege
Introduction
19.166
19.167
Basic principles of ‘common interest’
19.168
19.169
Nature of the common interest
19.170
19.171
19.172
19.173
Time for determining interest
19.174
Duration of common interest
19.175
19.176
19.177
Common interest as a sword
19.178
19.179
19.180
19.181
19.182
20 Preparation for and Conduct of the Hearing
Preliminary Material
Introduction
20.01
Venue for the Hearing
20.02
20.03
20.04
Factual Witness Statements
20.05
20.06
20.07
20.08
20.09
20.10
Expert Evidence
20.11
20.12
20.13
20.14
20.15
20.16
20.17
Preparation of Bundles for the Hearing
20.18
20.19
20.20
Timetabling
20.21
Exchange of Written Cases
20.22
20.23
Is the Time Adequate?
20.24
20.25
20.26
Meeting the Needs of the Tribunal
20.27
20.28
20.29
20.30
The Substantive Hearing
20.31
20.32
20.33
20.34
20.35
20.36
20.37
20.38
20.39
20.40
20.41
New York Law
20.42
20.43
Closings
20.44
20.45
21 Awards
Preliminary Material
Introduction
21.01
The Duties of the Tribunal
21.02
21.03
21.04
21.05
21.06
21.07
21.08
21.09
Final, Partial and Interim Awards
21.10
21.11
21.12
21.13
21.14
The Finality of Awards and Possible Avenues of Review
21.15
21.16
21.17
21.18
21.19
21.20
21.21
21.22
21.23
21.24
Consequences of Bifurcated Arbitrations
21.25
21.26
21.27
21.28
21.29
21.30
Finality of Interim Awards
21.31
22 Interest and Costs
Preliminary Material
Introduction
22.01
22.02
Award and Computation of Interest
22.03
22.04
22.05
22.06
22.07
22.08
The Powers of the Tribunal
22.09
22.10
22.11
The English Approach
Simple or compound interest
22.12
22.13
22.14
22.15
The period for which interest is awarded
22.16
22.17
Rates of interest
22.18
22.19
The US Approach
22.20
22.21
22.22
22.23
22.24
22.25
22.26
22.27
22.28
22.29
22.30
22.31
22.32
22.33
22.34
Costs
22.35
22.36
22.37
22.38
22.39
22.40
22.41
22.42
22.43
22.44
22.45
23 Challenges and Enforcement
Preliminary Material
Introduction
23.01
Challenges to the Award in England
23.02
23.03
Available Venues and Limited Grounds for Challenge
23.04
23.05
23.06
23.07
23.08
23.09
23.10
23.11
23.12
23.13
23.14
23.15
23.16
23.17
23.18
23.19
23.20
Challenges in the US Courts
23.21
Enforcement Proceedings—The New York Convention
23.22
23.23
23.24
23.25
23.26
23.27
23.28
23.29
23.30
Confidentiality
23.31
23.32
23.33
Tension Between Necessity of Use of Award in Enforcement Proceedings and Confidentiality of Arbitration
23.34
23.35
23.36
Enforcement of Specific Performance Award
23.37
23.38
23.39
24 The Arbitrators’ Ethical Duties
Preliminary Material
Introduction
24.01
The Legal Basis on which Arbitrators are Appointed and Act
24.02
24.03
24.04
24.05
24.06
24.07
Rights and Obligations of Arbitrators from UK and US Perspectives
24.08
The general duty
24.09
Duties of impartiality
24.10
24.11
24.12
24.13
24.14
24.15
24.16
24.17
24.18
24.19
24.20
24.21
24.22
24.23
24.24
24.25
24.26
24.27
24.28
24.29
24.30
24.31
24.32
24.33
24.34
The obligation to disclose
24.35
The relevance of the tests to non-English parties and arbitrators
24.36
Practical guides
24.37
24.38
24.39
Other duties of arbitrators
24.40
24.41
24.42
24.43
24.44
24.45
24.46
Recusal
24.47
24.48
Ex Parte Communications
24.49
24.50
Conflicts of Interest
24.51
24.52
24.53
24.54
24.55
24.56
Further Material
Appendix Policy Form Exemplar—XL Insurance (Bermuda) Ltd Form XS004
Table of Contents
Notice
Insuring Agreements
I Coverage
II Limits of Liability
III Definitions
IV Exclusions
V Notice of Occurrence
VI Conditions
Sch.A Additional Insureds
Sch.B Underlying Insurance
Sch.C Watercraft
Schedule D
Index
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Appendix Policy Form Exemplar—XL Insurance (Bermuda) Ltd Form XS004
David Scorey, Richard Geddes, Chris Harris
From:
The Bermuda Form: Interpretation and Dispute Resolution of Excess Liability Insurance (2nd Edition)
David Scorey QC, Richard Geddes, Chris Harris
Content type:
Book content
Product:
International Commercial Law [ICML]
Published in print:
15 February 2018
ISBN:
9780198754404
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