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Oxford Law Citator
Contents
Expand All
Collapse All
Preliminary Material
Foreword
Acknowledgements
About the Author
Contents
Table of Cases
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
China
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Netherlands
New Zealand
Russia
Singapore
Spain
Switzerland
United Kingdom
United States
International Arbitration Proceedings
Table of Legislation
International Treaties, Conventions and Principles
EU Regulations
National Legislation
Australia
Canada
China
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Hungary
Italy
Switzerland
United Kingdom
United States
Abbreviations
Main Text
Ch.1 Description of the Problem: Uniform Laws and Damages
Preliminary Material
Overview
1.01
I Introduction
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
II Harmonization of Conflict of Laws Rules
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
III Global Community of Courts
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.33
IV Harmonization of Procedural Laws
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
V Unification of Substantive Law
1.38
1.39
1.40
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.50
1.51
1.52
1.53
VI Concluding Argument
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.60
1.61
Ch.2 The Methodology for Interpretation of the CISG
Preliminary Material
Overview
2.01
I Interpretation
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.30
2.31
2.32
II Rules as to Interpretation
2.33
2.34
2.35
II.1 General Rule as to Interpretation
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.40
II.2 A Rule Regarding the Purpose of Good Faith
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
II.3 A Rule Regarding the Intent of Parties
2.48
2.49
2.50
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
II.4 A Rule Regarding Filling of Gaps
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
2.59
2.60
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.64
2.65
2.66
2.67
2.68
2.69
II.5 A Rule Regarding the Relationship between the CISG and National Law
2.70
2.71
2.72
2.73
III Concluding Argument
2.74
2.75
2.76
2.77
2.78
2.79
2.80
2.81
Ch.3 Breach of Contract: An Overview
Preliminary Material
Overview
3.01
I Introduction
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
3.07
3.08
3.09
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
II Categories of Loss
3.16
3.17
3.18
3.19
3.20
III Reliance Interest and Expectation Interest: An Overview
3.21
3.22
3.23
III.1 Reliance Interest
3.24
3.25
III.2 Expectation Interest
3.26
3.27
3.28
3.29
3.30
3.31
3.32
3.33
3.34
3.35
IV Setting the Limit of Recovery
3.36
3.37
V Lost Volume
3.38
3.39
3.40
3.41
3.42
3.43
VI Fault
VI.1 Introduction
3.44
3.45
VI.2 The Fault Principle
3.46
3.47
3.48
3.49
3.50
3.51
3.52
3.53
VII Causation
3.54
3.55
3.56
3.57
3.58
3.59
3.60
3.61
3.62
3.63
3.64
3.65
3.66
3.67
3.68
3.69
3.70
3.71
3.72
3.73
3.74
3.75
3.76
3.77
3.78
3.79
3.80
3.81
3.82
VIII Concluding Argument
3.83
3.84
3.85
3.86
3.87
Ch.4 Breach of Contract: The CISG
Preliminary Material
Overview
4.01
I Introduction
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
II The Remedial Provisions of The CISG
4.09
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
4.17
III Article 45
4.18
4.19
4.20
4.21
4.22
4.23
4.24
4.25
4.26
4.27
4.28
4.29
4.30
4.31
4.32
4.33
IV Concluding Argument
4.34
4.35
4.36
4.37
Ch.5 Article 74: A General Overview
Preliminary Material
Overview
5.01
I Introduction
5.02
5.03
5.04
5.05
5.06
5.07
5.08
5.09
II Autonomous Interpretation
5.10
5.11
5.12
5.13
5.14
5.15
III Sphere of Application of Article 74
III.1 Introduction
5.16
5.17
5.18
III.2 Extent of Damages
5.19
5.20
5.21
III.3 Subject Matter of Damages
5.22
5.23
5.24
5.25
5.26
5.27
5.28
5.29
5.30
5.31
5.32
5.33
5.34
IV Burden of Proof
5.35
5.36
5.37
5.38
5.39
5.40
5.41
5.42
5.43
V Place and Time of Calculating Damages
V.1 Place of Calculating Damages
5.44
V.2 Time of Calculating Damages
5.45
5.46
5.47
5.48
VI Concluding Argument
5.49
5.50
5.51
5.52
5.53
5.54
Ch.6 Limitation on Claims within Article 74
Preliminary Material
Overview
6.01
I Introduction
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
II The Foreseeability Rule
II.1 Introduction
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
II.2 Hadley v Baxendale and the Foreseeability Rule
6.16
6.17
6.18
6.19
6.20
6.21
6.22
6.23
6.24
6.25
6.26
6.27
6.28
6.29
II.3 Article 74 and the Foreseeability Principle
6.30
6.31
6.32
6.33
II.4 Subject Matter of Foreseeability
6.34
II.5 Foreseeability and the Terms of the Contract
6.35
6.36
6.37
6.38
6.39
6.40
6.41
II.6 Trade Usage
6.42
6.43
6.44
6.45
II.7 Type of Knowledge
6.46
6.47
6.48
II.8 Relevant Time to Evaluate Foreseeability
6.49
6.50
6.51
6.52
6.53
6.54
III Causation and Article 74
6.55
6.56
6.57
6.58
6.59
6.60
6.61
6.62
III.1 The ‘But For’ Test and Foreseeability
6.63
6.64
6.65
6.66
6.67
6.68
6.69
6.70
6.71
6.72
III.2 Hadley v Baxendale and the Concept of Causation
6.73
6.74
6.75
6.76
6.77
6.78
IV Further Observations on Damages
IV.1 Limitation to Full Compensation
6.79
6.80
IV.2 Extension of Damages
6.81
6.82
6.83
V Concluding Argument
6.84
6.85
6.86
6.87
6.88
6.89
Ch.7 Mitigation of Losses
Preliminary Material
Overview
7.01
I General Comments
7.02
7.03
7.04
7.05
7.06
7.07
7.08
7.09
I.1 Question of Reasonableness
7.10
7.11
7.12
7.13
7.14
7.15
7.16
7.17
7.18
7.19
7.20
7.21
7.22
7.23
7.24
7.25
I.2 Interaction between Articles 77 and 80
7.26
7.27
7.28
7.29
7.30
7.31
II The Common Law View
7.32
7.33
7.34
7.35
7.36
7.37
7.38
7.39
7.40
7.41
7.42
7.43
7.44
7.45
7.46
7.47
7.48
7.49
7.50
7.51
7.52
7.53
7.54
7.55
7.56
III Concluding Argument
7.57
7.58
7.59
7.60
7.61
Ch.8 Calculation of Losses under Article 74
Preliminary Material
Overview
8.01
I Introduction
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
8.10
8.11
8.12
8.13
II Direct Losses
8.14
8.15
8.16
8.17
III Incidental Losses
8.18
8.19
8.20
8.21
IV Consequential Losses
8.22
8.23
8.24
8.25
8.26
8.27
8.28
8.29
V Loss of Profits
8.30
8.31
8.32
8.33
V.1 Future Profits
8.34
8.35
8.36
8.37
V.2 Compensation for Loss of Goodwill and Reputation
8.38
8.39
8.40
8.41
8.42
8.43
8.44
8.45
V.3 Loss of Chance
8.46
8.47
8.48
8.49
8.50
8.51
VI Concluding Argument
8.52
8.53
8.54
8.55
8.56
Ch.9 Special Damages: Interest Rates
Preliminary Material
Overview
9.01
I Introduction
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
II History of Article 78
9.08
9.09
III Article 78: A Discussion
9.10
9.11
9.12
9.13
9.14
9.15
9.16
9.17
IV Articles 78 and 74
9.18
9.19
9.20
9.21
9.22
9.23
9.24
9.25
V Concluding Argument
9.26
9.27
9.28
Ch.10 Attorneys’ Fees
Preliminary Material
Overview
10.01
I Introduction
10.02
10.03
10.04
10.05
10.06
10.07
10.08
10.09
II Zapata
10.10
10.11
10.12
II.1 The Federal District Court
10.13
10.14
10.15
10.16
10.17
10.18
II.2 Circuit Court of Appeal
10.19
10.20
10.21
10.22
II.3 The Issues
10.23
10.24
10.25
10.26
10.27
10.28
10.29
10.30
10.31
II.4 Conclusion
10.32
10.33
10.34
10.35
III Issues of Terminology
III.1 Introduction
10.36
10.37
10.38
10.39
10.40
10.41
10.42
III.2 Definition of Losses
10.43
10.44
10.45
10.46
III.3 Anomalies
10.47
10.48
10.49
III.4 Substantive versus Procedural Issues
10.50
10.51
10.52
10.53
10.54
10.55
10.56
10.57
10.58
10.59
10.60
10.61
IV Case Law
10.62
10.63
10.64
10.65
10.66
10.67
10.68
10.69
10.70
10.71
V The Argument of Consequences
10.72
10.73
10.74
10.75
10.76
VI The Last-Ditch Stand
10.77
10.78
10.79
10.80
10.81
VII Concluding Argument
10.82
10.83
10.84
10.85
10.86
10.87
10.88
10.89
10.90
Ch.11 Penalty Clauses and the CISG
Preliminary Material
Overview
11.01
11.02
I Introduction
11.03
11.04
11.05
11.06
II Penalty Clauses—The Common Law View
II.1 Introduction
11.07
11.08
11.09
11.10
11.11
11.12
II.2 Penalty Clauses—Defined
11.13
11.14
11.15
11.16
II.3 The Australian Position
11.17
11.18
II.3.1 What is a penalty
11.19
11.20
11.21
II.4 The English Position
11.22
II.4.1 What is a penalty
11.23
II.5 The Discussion
11.24
11.25
11.26
III The Position Under The CISG
11.27
11.28
11.29
III.1 Is the Sum Penal?
11.30
11.31
11.32
11.33
11.34
11.35
11.36
III.2 The Sum Is Penal
11.37
11.38
11.39
11.40
11.41
11.42
IV Concluding Argument
11.43
11.44
11.45
Ch.12 Exemptions
Preliminary Material
Overview
12.01
I Introduction
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
II The Concepts of Force Majeure and Hardship
12.08
12.09
12.10
12.11
12.12
12.13
12.14
12.15
12.16
12.17
12.18
12.19
12.20
12.21
12.22
III Problem of Approaches to the Interpretation of Article 79
12.23
12.24
12.25
12.26
12.27
12.28
12.29
12.30
12.31
12.32
12.33
12.34
12.35
12.36
12.37
12.38
12.39
12.40
12.41
12.42
12.43
12.44
IV Reasonable Steps to Avoid an Impediment
12.45
IV.1 Beyond Control
12.46
12.47
12.48
12.49
12.50
12.51
IV.2 Unforeseen
12.52
12.53
12.54
12.55
12.56
12.57
IV.3 Unavoidable
12.58
12.59
12.60
12.61
12.62
IV.4 Responsibility for Third Parties
12.63
12.64
12.65
12.66
12.67
12.68
12.69
12.70
IV.5 Temporary Impediment
12.71
12.72
IV.6 Duty to Notify
12.73
12.74
V Effect of Article 79
12.75
12.76
V.1 Problem of Damages
12.77
12.78
V.2 Problem of Performance
12.79
12.80
12.81
12.82
VI Introduction to Articles 79 and 80
12.83
12.84
12.85
12.86
12.87
12.88
VII Concluding Argument
12.89
12.90
12.91
Ch.13 Fundamental Breach and the CISG
Preliminary Material
Overview
13.01
I Introduction
13.02
13.03
13.04
13.05
13.06
13.07
13.08
13.09
13.10
13.11
13.12
II The Common Law Experience
13.13
13.14
13.15
13.16
13.17
13.18
13.19
13.20
III The CISG and Fundamental Breach
III.1 Introduction
13.21
III.2 Interpretation of Article 25
13.22
13.23
13.24
13.25
13.26
13.27
13.28
13.29
13.30
13.31
13.32
13.33
13.34
13.35
III.3 Function of Article 25
13.36
13.37
13.38
13.39
13.40
13.41
13.42
IV Article 49
IV.1 Where the Goods Have Not Been Delivered
13.43
13.44
13.45
IV.2 Where the Goods Have Been Delivered
13.46
13.47
13.48
13.49
13.50
13.51
V Article 75
13.52
13.53
13.54
13.55
13.56
13.57
VI Article 76
13.58
13.59
13.60
13.61
VI.1 Calculation of Damages
13.62
13.63
13.64
13.65
13.66
VI.2 Timing of Calculation of Damages
13.67
13.68
13.69
13.70
VI.3 Current Price
13.71
VI.4 Conclusion
13.72
13.73
VII Avoidance and Articles 46 and 50
13.74
13.75
13.76
VIII Effects of Avoidance: The Problem of Restitution
13.77
13.78
13.79
13.80
13.81
13.82
13.83
IX Concluding Argument
13.84
13.85
13.86
13.87
13.88
Ch.14 The UNIDROIT Principles and the CISG
Preliminary Material
Overview
14.01
I Introduction
14.02
14.03
14.04
14.05
14.06
14.07
14.08
14.09
14.10
14.11
14.12
14.13
14.14
14.15
14.16
14.17
II The UNIDROIT Principles and The CISG
14.18
14.19
14.20
14.21
14.22
II.1 The UNIDROIT Principles as a Contractual Clause
14.23
II.2 The UNIDROIT Principles as a Gap Filler
14.24
14.25
14.26
14.27
14.28
14.29
14.30
14.31
14.32
14.33
II.3 The UNIDROIT Principles and the Interpretation of the CISG
14.34
14.35
14.36
14.37
14.38
14.39
14.40
14.41
III The UNIDROIT Principles and Damages
14.42
III.1 Article 74 Compared with Section 4 (Damages) of the UNIDROIT Principles
14.43
14.44
14.45
14.46
14.47
14.48
III.2 Measurement of Damages When the Contract Is Avoided
14.49
14.50
14.51
14.52
III.3 Mitigation of Losses
14.53
IV Concluding Argument
14.54
14.55
14.56
14.57
14.58
14.59
Ch.15 Regional Developments and the CISG
Preliminary Material
Overview
15.01
I Introduction
15.02
15.03
II The Principles of European Contract Law
15.04
15.05
15.06
15.07
15.08
15.09
15.10
15.11
II.1 Article 74 CISG and the PECL
15.12
15.13
15.14
15.15
II.2 Matters Not Expressly Settled in the CISG
15.16
15.17
15.18
II.3 Measurement of Damages When the Contract Is Avoided
15.19
15.20
II.4 Conclusion
15.21
15.22
15.23
III Regional Developments
15.24
15.25
15.26
15.27
III.1 Regional Harmonization Attempts
15.28
15.29
15.30
15.31
15.32
15.33
III.2 Why Gaps in the CISG Must Still Be Left to Domestic Law
15.34
15.35
15.36
15.37
15.38
IV Concluding Argument
15.39
15.40
15.41
Ch.16 The Doctrine of Anticipatory Repudiation
Preliminary Material
Overview
16.01
I Introduction
16.02
16.03
16.04
16.05
16.06
16.07
16.08
II Anticipatory Breach and the CISG
16.09
16.10
II.1 Article 71
16.11
16.12
16.13
16.14
II.1.1 Article 71(1)
16.15
16.16
II.1.2 Article 71(2)
16.17
II.1.3 Article 71(3)
16.18
16.19
16.20
16.21
16.22
II.2 Article 72
16.23
16.24
II.2.1 Article 72(1)
16.25
16.26
II.2.2 Article 72(2)
16.27
16.28
16.29
16.30
II.3 Article 73
16.31
16.32
III The Issue of Damages
16.33
16.34
16.35
16.36
16.37
IV Anticipatory Breach—The Discussion
16.38
16.39
16.40
16.41
16.42
16.43
16.44
16.45
16.46
16.47
16.48
16.49
V Conclusion
16.50
16.51
16.52
Ch.17 Conclusion and Observations
Preliminary Material
Overview
17.01
I Introduction
17.02
17.03
17.04
17.05
17.06
17.07
17.08
17.09
17.10
17.11
17.12
II The CISG as an International Code
17.13
17.14
III Breach of Contract
17.15
17.16
17.17
17.18
IV Article 74
17.19
17.20
17.21
17.22
17.23
17.24
17.25
17.26
17.27
17.28
17.29
17.30
17.31
17.32
17.33
17.34
17.35
V Limitation on Claims
17.36
17.37
17.38
17.39
17.40
VI Article 79: Exemption
17.41
VII The UNIDROIT Principles and Regional Developments
17.42
17.43
17.44
17.45
VIII Concluding Argument
17.46
17.47
17.48
17.49
17.50
17.51
Further Material
Bibliography
Case Law and Arbitral Awards
Index
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Table of Cases
From:
Damages Under the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (3rd Edition)
Bruno Zeller
Content type:
Book content
Product:
International Commercial Law [ICML]
Published in print:
20 December 2018
ISBN:
9780198822493
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18.207.240.77