Users without a subscription are not able to see the full
content. Please,
subscribe
or
login
to access all content.
Contents
- Preliminary Material
- Foreword by Alan Redfern
- Preface
- Summary Contents
- Contents
- Table of Cases
- Table of Legislation
- Table of Statutes
- Table of Statutory Instruments
- Other Legislation
- Argentina
- Australia
- Austria
- Belgium
- Brazil
- Canada
- China
- Dubai
- Ecuador
- Egypt
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Hong Kong
- India
- Indonesia
- Iran
- Ireland
- Israel
- Italy
- Kenya
- Lebanon
- Malaysia
- Mexico
- Netherlands
- New Zealand
- Norway
- Portugal
- Russia
- Saudi Arabia
- Singapore
- South Korea
- Spain
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- United Arab Emirates
- United States
- Uruguay
- Uzbekistan
- Venezuela
- European Directives
- European Regulations
- International Instruments
- Table of Arbitration Awards
- List of Abbreviations
- Main Text
- 1 Introduction
- Preliminary Material
- A Global Dispute Resolution
- B Outline of an International Arbitration
- C The Legal Framework of International Arbitration
- 1.61
- (a) The object of international arbitration
- (b) What is meant by the word ‘international’?
- (c) What is meant by the word ‘commercial’?
- (d) The legal rules applicable to international arbitration
- (e) Is international arbitration autonomous?
- (f) National law and international conventions
- (g) The role of international conventions and the Model Law
- D ADR, Litigation, and Arbitration
- E Ad hoc Arbitration and Institutional Arbitration
- F Differentiating the Institutions
- G The Future of International Arbitration
- 2 Agreement to Arbitrate
- Preliminary Material
- A Overview
- B Validity of an Arbitration Agreement
- C Parties to an Arbitration Agreement
- D Analysis of an Arbitration Agreement
- 2.70
- 2.71
- 2.72
- 2.73
- 2.74
- 2.75
- 2.76
- 2.77
- 2.78
- 2.79
- 2.80
- (a) Key elements
- 2.81
- (i) A valid arbitration agreement
- (ii) Number of arbitrators
- (iii) Constitution of the arbitral tribunal
- (iv) Ad hoc or institutional arbitration
- (v) Filling vacancies in the tribunal
- (vi) Place of arbitration
- (vii) Governing law
- (viii) Default clauses
- (ix) Language
- (x) Multi-tier clauses
- (xi) Sole option clauses
- (xii) Other procedural matters
- (b) Separability
- (c) Summary
- E Arbitrability
- (a) Introduction
- (b) Categories of dispute for which questions of arbitrability arise
- (c) Summary
- F Confidentiality
- G Defective Arbitration Clauses
- H Waiver of the Right to Arbitrate
- I Multiparty Arbitrations
- 3 Applicable Laws
- Preliminary Material
- A Overview
- B Law Governing the Agreement to Arbitrate
- C Law Governing the Arbitration
- D Law Applicable to the Substance
- (a) Introduction
- (b) Autonomy of the parties
- (c) The choice of applicable substantive law
- 3.121
- 3.122
- 3.123
- 3.124
- (i) National law
- (ii) Mandatory law
- (iii) Public international law, general principles of law, and public policy
- (iv) Multiple applicable laws
- (v) Transnational law (including lex mercatoria, the UNIDROIT Principles, trade usages, and Shari’ah)
- (vi) Equity and good conscience
- E Conflict Rules and the Search for the Applicable Law
- F Specific Issues, Other Applicable Rules, and Guidelines
- 4 Establishment and Organisation of an Arbitral Tribunal
- Preliminary Material
- A Introduction
- B Commencement of an Arbitration
- C Emergency Arbitrators
- D How Many Arbitrators?
- E Appointment of Arbitrators
- F Qualities Required in International Arbitrators
- G Independence and Impartiality of Arbitrators
- H Challenge and Replacement of Arbitrators
- I Organisation of the Arbitral Tribunal
- J Fees and Expenses of the Arbitral Tribunal
- 5 Powers, Duties, and Jurisdiction of an Arbitral Tribunal
- Preliminary Material
- A Background
- B Powers of Arbitrators
- (a) Introduction
- (b) Sources of arbitrators’ powers
- (c) Common powers of arbitral tribunals
- (i) Establishing the arbitral procedure
- (ii) Determining the applicable law and seat
- (iii) Determining the language of the arbitration
- (iv) Requiring the production of documents
- (v) Requiring the presence of witnesses/subpoenas
- (vi) Examining the subject matter of the dispute
- (vii) Appointing experts
- (viii) Interim measures
- (ix) Security for costs
- (x) Power to sanction counsel
- (xi) Ordering remote hearings
- (d) Supporting powers of the courts
- C Duties of Arbitrators
- D Jurisdiction
- 6 Conduct of the Proceedings
- Preliminary Material
- A Overview
- B Expedited Procedures
- C Preliminary Steps
- (a) Introduction
- (b) Preliminary issues
- D Written Submissions
- E Collecting Evidence
- (a) Introduction
- (b) Categories of evidence
- (c) Documentary evidence
- (d) Fact witness evidence
- (e) Experts
- (f) Inspection of the subject matter of the dispute
- F Hearings
- G Proceedings After the Hearing
- 7 Role of National Courts During the Proceedings
- Preliminary Material
- A Introduction
- B At the Beginning of the Arbitration
- C During the Arbitral Proceedings
- 7.18
- (a) Interim measures—powers of the arbitral tribunal
- (b) Interim measures—powers of the competent court
- (c) Measures relating to the attendance of witnesses
- (d) Measures related to the preservation of evidence
- (e) Measures related to documentary disclosure
- (f) Measures aimed at preserving the status quo
- (g) Interim relief in respect of parallel proceedings
- (h) Court enforcement of tribunal-ordered interim measures
- D At the End of the Arbitration
- E Conclusion
- 8 Arbitration Under Investment Treaties
- Preliminary Material
- A Introduction
- B Jurisdictional Issues
- C Law Applicable to the Substance of the Dispute
- D Merits of the Dispute
- 8.80
- (a) No expropriation without prompt, adequate, and effective compensation
- (b) ‘Fair and equitable treatment’ and the international minimum standard
- (c) Full protection and security
- (d) No arbitrary or discriminatory measures impairing the investment
- (e) National and ‘most favoured nation’ treatment
- (f) Free transfer of funds related to investments
- (g) Observance of specific investment undertakings
- E Measures of Compensation
- 9 Award
- Preliminary Material
- A Introduction
- B Categories of Award
- C Remedies
- D Deliberations and Decisions of the Tribunal
- (a) Introduction
- (b) Tribunal psychology
- (c) Bargaining process
- (d) Majority voting
- (e) Concurring and dissenting opinions
- E Form and Content of Awards
- F Effect of Awards
- G Proceedings After the Award
- 10 Challenge of Arbitral Awards
- Preliminary Material
- A Introduction
- B Methods of Challenge
- C Grounds for Challenge
- D Procedures for Bringing a Challenge
- E Effects of Challenge
- F State Responsibility for Wrongful Setting Aside
- 11 Recognition and Enforcement of Arbitral Awards
- Preliminary Material
- A Background
- (a) Introduction
- (b) Performance of awards
- (c) General principles governing recognition and enforcement
- (d) Difference between recognition and enforcement
- (e) Place of recognition and enforcement
- (f) Methods of recognition and enforcement
- (g) Time limits
- (h) Consequences of refusal of recognition or enforcement
- (i) Role of the international conventions
- B Enforcement under the New York Convention
- (a) Introduction
- (b) Refusal of recognition and enforcement
- (c) Grounds for refusal
- (d) First ground for refusal—incapacity; invalid arbitration agreement
- (e) Second ground—no proper notice of appointment of arbitrator or of the proceedings; lack of due process
- (f) Third ground—jurisdictional issues
- (g) Fourth ground—composition of tribunal or procedure not in accordance with arbitration agreement or the relevant law
- (h) Fifth ground—award suspended, or set aside
- (i) Arbitrability
- (j) Public policy
- (k) Other grounds
- C Enforcement under the ICSID Convention
- D Enforcement under Regional Conventions
- E Defence of State Immunity
- 1 Introduction
- Further Material
- Appendices
- Appendix A UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration 1985
- Ch.I General Provisions
- Art.1 Scope of application
- Art.2 Definitions and rules of interpretation
- Art.2A International origin and general principles
- Art.3 Receipt of written communications
- Art.4 Waiver of right to object
- Art.5 Extent of court intervention
- Art.6 Court or other authority for certain functions of arbitration assistance and supervision
- Ch.II Arbitration Agreement
- Ch.III Composition of Arbitral Tribunal
- Ch.IV Jurisdiction of Arbitral Tribunal
- Ch.IV A Interim Measures and Preliminary Orders
- Ch.V Conduct of Arbitral Proceedings
- Art.18 Equal treatment of parties
- Art.19 Determination of rules of procedure
- Art.20 Place of arbitration
- Art.21 Commencement of arbitral proceedings
- Art.22 Language
- Art.23 Statements of claim and defence
- Art.24 Hearings and written proceedings
- Art.25 Default of a party
- Art.26 Expert appointed by arbitral tribunal
- Art.27 Court assistance in taking evidence
- Ch.VI Making of Award and Termination of Proceedings
- Ch.VII Recourse Against Award
- Ch.VIII Recognition and Enforcement of Awards
- Ch.I General Provisions
- Appendix B New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards 1958
- Appendix C Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of Other States 1965 (‘Washington Convention’) (excerpts)
- Appendix D UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules (as revised in 2021)
- Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 9 December 2021
- UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules
- s.I Introductory Rules
- s.II Composition of the Arbitral Tribunal
- s.III Arbitral Proceedings
- General provisions
- Place of arbitration
- Language
- Statement of claim
- Statement of defence
- Amendments to the claim or defence
- Pleas as to the jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal
- Further written statements
- Periods of time
- Interim measures
- Evidence
- Hearings
- Experts appointed by the arbitral tribunal
- Default
- Closure of hearings
- Waiver of right to object
- s.IV The Award
- Annex
- Appendix E IBA Rules on the Taking of Evidence in International Commercial Arbitration
- Appendix F IBA Guidelines on Conflicts of Interest in International Arbitration
- Introduction
- Part I: General Standards Regarding Impartiality, Independence and Disclosure
- (1) General Principle
- Explanation to General Standard 1:
- (2) Conflicts of Interest
- Explanation to General Standard 2:
- (3) Disclosure by the Arbitrator
- Explanation to General Standard 3:
- (4) Waiver by the Parties
- Explanation to General Standard 4:
- (5) Scope
- Explanation to General Standard 5:
- (6) Relationships
- Explanation to General Standard 6:
- (7) Duty of the Parties and the Arbitrator
- Explanation to General Standard 7:
- Part II: Practical Application of the General Standards
- Index